富二代国产app

　　為保(bao)障(zhang)軌(gui)道交通(tong)(tong)建設項目的(de)順(shun)利(li)推(tui)進(jin)，規范解決軌(gui)道交通(tong)(tong)沿線用(yong)地(di)控制、管線遷移、房屋(wu)征收以及資金投入、使用(yong)管理和相(xiang)關單(dan)位配合等一系列問(wen)題，經市(shi)有關部(bu) 門三(san)年多的(de)努力，《青島市(shi)軌(gui)道交通(tong)(tong)建設管理辦法》（以下簡稱《辦法》）已經頒布，將于(yu)2014年3月1日起正式施行(xing)。現就《辦法》中相(xiang)關內容進(jin)行(xing)詳細解讀(du)：

解讀一(yi)：

　　重在(zai)規范(fan)建(jian)設行(xing)為

　　明確各(ge)項防護(hu)規定 

　　設(she)(she)計(ji)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工保護(hu)：《辦法》分別對(dui)(dui)初步設(she)(she)計(ji)和(he)(he)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工中應當采取的保護(hu)措施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)提出了要求，“軌(gui)道交(jiao)通建(jian)設(she)(she)項目(mu)初步設(she)(she)計(ji)前，軌(gui)道交(jiao)通建(jian)設(she)(she)單(dan)位應當對(dui)(dui)軌(gui)道交(jiao)通建(jian)設(she)(she)項目(mu) 周(zhou)邊已有建(jian)筑物、構筑物、管線、市政(zheng)基礎設(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)等進行調(diao)查和(he)(he)記錄”，并規定建(jian)設(she)(she)期間采取措施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，防止和(he)(he)減少施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工對(dui)(dui)沿線相(xiang)關設(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的影響。

　　周(zhou)(zhou)邊(bian)(bian)環境(jing)保護：結(jie)合其他地(di)鐵(tie)(tie)城市相關經驗，地(di)鐵(tie)(tie)線路經過的(de)(de)大多(duo)是人員眾多(duo)、道(dao)路狹窄、商(shang)戶云集(ji)、居民住(zhu)宅(zhai)密布(bu)的(de)(de)地(di)區，不可避免(mian)的(de)(de)會(hui)對周(zhou)(zhou)邊(bian)(bian)商(shang)戶和居民住(zhu)戶 造(zao)成一(yi)定(ding)程度的(de)(de)影(ying)響，我市也不例外。如何最大限度地(di)把地(di)鐵(tie)(tie)建(jian)設(she)對周(zhou)(zhou)邊(bian)(bian)居民住(zhu)宅(zhai)、商(shang)戶經營的(de)(de)影(ying)響降至最低，也是《辦法》重點考(kao)慮的(de)(de)事項。因(yin)此，《辦法》規 定(ding)，軌道(dao)交通建(jian)設(she)期間(jian)，軌道(dao)交通施(shi)(shi)工單(dan)位對因(yin)建(jian)設(she)工程施(shi)(shi)工可能造(zao)成損害的(de)(de)毗鄰建(jian)筑(zhu)物、構(gou)筑(zhu)物和地(di)下管(guan)線等(deng)，應當采取(qu)專(zhuan)項防護措施(shi)(shi)。

　　道(dao)(dao)路(lu)(lu)交通(tong)(tong)保護：軌道(dao)(dao)交通(tong)(tong)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)期(qi)間，軌道(dao)(dao)交通(tong)(tong)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)單位(wei)應當結合工(gong)程對交通(tong)(tong)、周邊(bian)居民出行(xing)(xing)以及重要(yao)場所、建(jian)(jian)筑物和(he)構筑物等(deng)的影(ying)響，提(ti)出占路(lu)(lu)調(diao)流(liu)方案(an)(an)，報市城 鄉建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)行(xing)(xing)政主管(guan)(guan)部(bu)(bu)門(men)。市城鄉建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)行(xing)(xing)政主管(guan)(guan)部(bu)(bu)門(men)應當組織公(gong)安交通(tong)(tong)管(guan)(guan)理等(deng)部(bu)(bu)門(men)，對占路(lu)(lu)調(diao)流(liu)方案(an)(an)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)核查(cha)和(he)研究(jiu)，并按程序(xu)批準后實(shi)施(shi)(shi)。建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)單位(wei)在(zai)召集相(xiang)關(guan)參(can)建(jian)(jian)單 位(wei)制(zhi)定占路(lu)(lu)調(diao)流(liu)方案(an)(an)時(shi)，遵循在(zai)保證(zheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)的前(qian)提(ti)下(xia)，最大(da)限度地減少建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)對交通(tong)(tong)影(ying)響的原(yuan)則進(jin)行(xing)(xing)相(xiang)關(guan)工(gong)作，保證(zheng)發揮(hui)道(dao)(dao)路(lu)(lu)通(tong)(tong)行(xing)(xing)的最大(da)效(xiao)能。制(zhi)定好道(dao)(dao)路(lu)(lu)調(diao)流(liu)方案(an)(an)后， 還要(yao)報市城鄉建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)行(xing)(xing)政主管(guan)(guan)部(bu)(bu)門(men)，由其會同公(gong)安交通(tong)(tong)管(guan)(guan)理部(bu)(bu)門(men)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)核查(cha)研究(jiu)，按程序(xu)批準。

解讀二： 

　　設(she)置控制保護區域

　　保護施工乘坐安全 

　　為保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障軌(gui)(gui)道交通(tong)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)以及今后(hou)運營安全(quan)，國(guo)(guo)家住建(jian)(jian)部和質監(jian)總局發布(bu)的(de)(de)《城市軌(gui)(gui)道交通(tong)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)項(xiang)目管理規(gui)范(fan)》規(gui)定，應在軌(gui)(gui)道交通(tong)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)中(zhong)(zhong)設(she)(she)(she)置(zhi)(zhi)規(gui)劃控制區(qu)(qu)和特(te)別(bie)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護 區(qu)(qu)。我市借鑒國(guo)(guo)內其他地鐵城市的(de)(de)經驗，采(cai)用(yong)了控制保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護區(qu)(qu)和特(te)別(bie)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護區(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)概念。其中(zhong)(zhong)，控制保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護區(qu)(qu)是軌(gui)(gui)道交通(tong)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)中(zhong)(zhong)具(ju)有特(te)定用(yong)途的(de)(de)需要保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護和控制范(fan)圍的(de)(de)區(qu)(qu)域， 控制保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護區(qu)(qu)內設(she)(she)(she)置(zhi)(zhi)特(te)別(bie)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護區(qu)(qu)，是保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護軌(gui)(gui)道交通(tong)工程(cheng)結(jie)構(gou)安全(quan)的(de)(de)最(zui)小要求距離，原則上禁止一切會(hui)影響(xiang)到(dao)結(jie)構(gou)安全(quan)的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)活動。

　　設施(shi)(shi)設備安全(quan)：《辦(ban)法》規定設立軌(gui)(gui)道(dao)(dao)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)保(bao)(bao)護區和(he)特別(bie)保(bao)(bao)護區，并分別(bie)規定控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)保(bao)(bao)護區和(he)特別(bie)保(bao)(bao)護區的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)護范圍和(he)具體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)護措施(shi)(shi)；對(dui)在(zai)保(bao)(bao)護區內進行(xing)作業 的(de)(de)(de)，《辦(ban)法》規定，作業單位應當在(zai)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)前會(hui)同軌(gui)(gui)道(dao)(dao)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)建設單位制(zhi)(zhi)定軌(gui)(gui)道(dao)(dao)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)設施(shi)(shi)保(bao)(bao)護方案。目的(de)(de)(de)就(jiu)是在(zai)與其他建設行(xing)為互不影響的(de)(de)(de)前提(ti)下，保(bao)(bao)證地鐵(tie)設施(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)安 全(quan)，進而保(bao)(bao)障社會(hui)公眾(zhong)在(zai)乘坐(zuo)地鐵(tie)時的(de)(de)(de)安全(quan)。

　　同時，由于地鐵(tie)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設的特(te)殊性(xing)，《辦(ban)法(fa)》借鑒外地經(jing)驗，按照優先發展的原則(ze)，規定“軌道交(jiao)通(tong)控制保護區(qu)和特(te)別保護區(qu)內(nei)的各項建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設，應當服從和配合(he)軌道交(jiao)通(tong) 建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設。新建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)市政基礎設施、人防工程與軌道交(jiao)通(tong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設相(xiang)沖(chong)突(tu)的，相(xiang)關(guan)部(bu)門(men)應當按照軌道交(jiao)通(tong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設優先的原則(ze)進行協(xie)調和處理(li)。”這(zhe)一點也(ye)是(shi)基于地鐵(tie)設施安(an)全性(xing)考慮 進行規定的。 

　　居民(min)房屋安全(quan)：為特別(bie)保護居民(min)房屋的(de)安全(quan)，《辦法》規定，因(yin)軌道(dao)交通建(jian)(jian)設需(xu)要進入建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)物、構(gou)筑(zhu)物或(huo)(huo)設施(shi)(shi)內(nei)進行(xing)檢測和鑒定的(de)，應當提前(qian)告(gao)知產權(quan)人或(huo)(huo)者(zhe)使用 人，產權(quan)人或(huo)(huo)者(zhe)使用人應當予以配合，同時因(yin)建(jian)(jian)設工程施(shi)(shi)工可能造成損害的(de)毗(pi)鄰建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)物、構(gou)筑(zhu)物和地下管線等，應當采取專項防護措施(shi)(shi)。

解讀三(san)：

　　協調各方支(zhi)持配(pei)合

　　充分保障公共利益

　　軌道交(jiao)通建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)涉及方方面(mian)(mian)面(mian)(mian)，需要各方面(mian)(mian)力量的配合支持，《辦法》規定，任何(he)單位和個人不得阻礙或者(zhe)影響軌道交(jiao)通建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)。為強力推進(jin)地(di)鐵建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)進(jin)程，市(shi)政府在 政府層面(mian)(mian)成立(li)了市(shi)地(di)鐵工程建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)指(zhi)揮部(bu)，承擔統(tong)籌領導職(zhi)能，負責軌道交(jiao)通建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)的組(zu)織(zhi)、指(zhi)揮、協調、監(jian)督工作(zuo)。同(tong)時要求，市(shi)城鄉(xiang)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)、發展改革、規劃、國(guo)土資(zi) 源、公安、財政、審(shen)計、安全生(sheng)產監(jian)管(guan)、交(jiao)通、人防、城管(guan)執法等部(bu)門應(ying)當按照職(zhi)責做好(hao)軌道交(jiao)通建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)相關工作(zuo)。

　　公共交通(tong)(tong)銜(xian)(xian)接：軌(gui)道(dao)交通(tong)(tong)是(shi)城市(shi)發展到(dao)一定階段的(de)產(chan)物，與(yu)早期(qi)的(de)城市(shi)規(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)、土地利用規(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)、交通(tong)(tong)規(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)、城市(shi)功能(neng)區規(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)存在(zai)不(bu)(bu)同步(bu)、不(bu)(bu)和諧性(xing)，但客觀(guan)上又要(yao)求 與(yu)相關規(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)相銜(xian)(xian)接。為(wei)此，《辦(ban)法》明確要(yao)求，編(bian)制軌(gui)道(dao)交通(tong)(tong)規(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)應(ying)當(dang)合(he)理安排(pai)軌(gui)道(dao)交通(tong)(tong)不(bu)(bu)同線路之(zhi)(zhi)間，軌(gui)道(dao)交通(tong)(tong)與(yu)城市(shi)道(dao)路、鐵路、公路、航(hang)空(kong)、港(gang)口和其他(ta)公共 交通(tong)(tong)之(zhi)(zhi)間的(de)換乘銜(xian)(xian)接。這就需(xu)要(yao)各交通(tong)(tong)運輸單(dan)位與(yu)地鐵密切配合(he)，規(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)好(hao)、銜(xian)(xian)接好(hao)、建設(she)好(hao)相應(ying)的(de)功能(neng)設(she)施。

　　公(gong)共用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)控制：為推進軌(gui)(gui)道(dao)(dao)(dao)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)可持續發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，同時考慮到軌(gui)(gui)道(dao)(dao)(dao)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)屬于(yu)公(gong)益性事(shi)業(ye)，建(jian)(jian)設(she)用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)和資源開發(fa)(fa)(fa)用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)應當依法予(yu)以(yi)(yi)保障。特別是(shi)防止用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)控制、儲(chu)備(bei)(bei)不(bu)及 時導致的(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)建(jian)(jian)設(she)工(gong)期等(deng)問題，《辦法》參照寧波(bo)、重慶等(deng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)經(jing)驗，對軌(gui)(gui)道(dao)(dao)(dao)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)建(jian)(jian)立(li)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)專項儲(chu)備(bei)(bei)和劃撥制度，預留軌(gui)(gui)道(dao)(dao)(dao)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)設(she)施用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)以(yi)(yi)及換乘樞紐、公(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)車站、停 車場等(deng)公(gong)用(yong)(yong)設(she)施用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)，軌(gui)(gui)道(dao)(dao)(dao)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)設(she)施用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)與其他用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)不(bu)能分割(ge)用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)出讓等(deng)問題進行(xing)規范。為保證(zheng)軌(gui)(gui)道(dao)(dao)(dao)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)建(jian)(jian)設(she)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)，《辦法》確立(li)了(le)(le)軌(gui)(gui)道(dao)(dao)(dao)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)建(jian)(jian)設(she)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)面以(yi)(yi)下(xia) 的(de)(de)空間,不(bu)受其上(shang)方土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)權(quan)的(de)(de)限制的(de)(de)原則(ze)。根據這(zhe)一原則(ze)，對軌(gui)(gui)道(dao)(dao)(dao)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)建(jian)(jian)設(she)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)表(biao)、地(di)(di)(di)(di)上(shang)或(huo)者地(di)(di)(di)(di)下(xia)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)，以(yi)(yi)及結(jie)合軌(gui)(gui)道(dao)(dao)(dao)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)設(she)施一并開發(fa)(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)表(biao)、地(di)(di)(di)(di)上(shang)或(huo)者 地(di)(di)(di)(di)下(xia)空間的(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)權(quan)、權(quan)屬登記等(deng)問題予(yu)以(yi)(yi)明(ming)確，進一步明(ming)確了(le)(le)對軌(gui)(gui)道(dao)(dao)(dao)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)可持續發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)所需要的(de)(de)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)保障措施。

　　《辦法》規定(ding)(ding)，因軌道交通(tong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)需要(yao)進(jin)入(ru)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑物(wu)、構(gou)筑物(wu)或設(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)進(jin)行檢測和鑒定(ding)(ding)的(de)，產權人(ren)或者使用人(ren)應當予以配合。在(zai)青島地鐵的(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)過程中，建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位始(shi)終 把安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產放在(zai)第一位，嚴格督促施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位采取(qu)有效措施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，做到科(ke)學施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)、文明施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)、安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)。在(zai)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)中，建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位會同監理單(dan)(dan)(dan)位進(jin)行全(quan)(quan)(quan)天(tian)候動態的(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)隱患排(pai)查 和生(sheng)產安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)檢查，對(dui)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位爆破用藥量、爆破振速(su)以及噪聲、揚塵等(deng)諸多方面(mian)嚴格管控，切實(shi)保(bao)障施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)，采取(qu)各種措施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)減少施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)對(dui)周邊(bian)環境的(de)影響；同時，地 鐵建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位督促施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位必要(yao)時進(jin)入(ru)周邊(bian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑物(wu)、構(gou)筑物(wu)或設(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)進(jin)行檢測和鑒定(ding)(ding)，力爭將可能造(zao)成居民住(zhu)宅損(sun)害的(de)因素(su)降至(zhi)最(zui)低(di)。